I would argue that the single largest reason roads cost too fucking much to build is disadvantaged business owners.
it's basically a shell game for large contractors, they take 10-20% of the contract price for doing not much other than being a woman or minority so that the big contractor can satisfy the requirements to bid on the jobs from the state.
source:
A guy I know builds bridges for the state.
Guess what his wife and all his daughters own? Businesses that reflect his business hiring women owned businesses.
At least he keeps it all in his own family.
Then after the big dog contractors pump the "disadvantaged business" beyond the $$$ number the state qualifies them at, they get dropped like a hot potato and go bankrupt, because their utility is now gone.
oklahoma department of transportation, DBE, Disadvantaged Business Enterprise
www.odot.org