Well, it looks like I may have figured it out, some I feel kinda 100% dumb for.
I measured the master cylinder's push rod (used another I screwed up) to see about how much travel it had. It has about 1.25"-ish of travel with it bottomed out.
I decided to pull the master off, and see how much travel the booster rod was making with a set of calipers.
With my pedal bottomed out, I was getting ~0.80-0.85" of stroke (short of flush with the booster face). I powered up the booster, and verified that the rod would go past the booster face and retract just fine (e.g. longer travel). So...In was short of full stroke.
I'd calculated a travel just short of full for my pedal (pedal bottoms out just before master), just maybe a bit...too...short.
I pulled the pedal off, and rigged up another (square tube bolted in).
Put the pressure gauge on the caliper...and was able to get 1000-1200 psi with just my hand (would prefer more effort though).
So...long story short...I missed on the design aspect in my pedal and made my throw too short.
I'd thought I'd hit the pressure wall, but needed just a hair more throw to go from 200psi to 1k-1.2k psi.