Very slim chance of a blade getting out of the compressor case, a blade usually corn cobs the whole engine axially.
Whole compressor wheel maybe but after many hours and cycles. If vibration monitoring in place slim chance.
Over speed is usually the cause of catastrophic failure and if you run any turbine without over speed protection you should only be allowed to have a Briggs and Stratton 3.5
This guy has some experience or he would of never got it started
I make the same assumption you do: the guy has some experience. But experience to get it started and experience to properly do things are two different things, as we know. I assume he has experience enough to operate the machine properly.
The rest of your post is this rather meaningless.
Aircraft stuff, especially jet turbines, are reliable because:
- metallurgy
- inspections
- maintenance
If a dodge slant-6 has a manufacturing defect on one piston, and a chunk of it falls off and lands in the bottom of the pan, it might still run. For decades. That's because the window between the operation of the machine and it's failure point is rather large, it was designed to be that way.
A jet is the opposite. The window between what the jet operates at and what is failure is smaller, by nature. That window is maintained by more precise metal properties. This is all well-documented in jet development history.
Then there are the penalties. A slant-6 might run 4500 rpm if you held it to the floor and blew ether in it. The J44 runs 15,000 RPM according to wiki. That means the penalties are MORE than 3x as high as everyone here knows, it's not a linear relationship.
A rod slung out of the inside of a heavy iron casting at 4500pm is a lot less hazardous than a compressor blade flung out of a sheet-metal housing at 15,000 RPM. Energy is .5MV^2, velocity matters more, and the housing is smaller.
A steam traction engine requires a boiler inspection. I wouldn't even be around one that wasn't inspected, and there are criminal penalties for operating boilers that aren't inspected. In some cases, you can't cross state lines with vintage steam engines without getting certified.
What is the equivalent for jet turbine engines?
You are clearly very comfortable with them, and I'm not, but you're also ignoring massive differences between what this thing is and what we're normally familiar with.
Jet engines are safe and reliable because they are maintained carefully. So again, I think this is hinky as fuck.
How do I know that one blade of that machine hasn't been pitted near the root and is just waiting to shear off as soon as he throttles up? I'm not comfortable with his or your assurance otherwise unless I see objective proof that it's certified somehow, which it's not.